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The land of promise finds its realization in Jesus: not in types and shadows

 Covenant theology saw redemptive history in terms of one overarching covenant of grace—with the various biblical covenants as administrations of the one covenant,   “I will be their God, and they will be my people.” This theology saw a basic continuity between old covenant Israel and the church.  The church “replaces” Old Testament Israel, inheriting her promises of land and rest from enemies as the spiritual blessings of peace, forgiveness of sins, the indwelling Holy Spirit, and eternity in heaven. (Russell D. Moore, “Personal and Cosmic Eschatology,” in A Theology for the Church (Nashville, TN: B&H Academic, 2014),689)  This plan of salvation finds its conclusion and fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. It is this aspect of Scripture—this story of salvation—that makes the Bible distinct from all other “bibles” of pagan religions. These reveal no order or plan. They embody no historical revelation of God working out His saving purposes.  Th...

Then what about the law: What then was the purpose of the law?

 Why the Law then? It was added because of trespasses, having been ordained through angels by the hand of a mediato r, until the seed would come to whom the promise had been made . Gal. 3:19 Let me ask you this one question: Did you receive the Holy Spirit by obeying the law of Moses?  Of course not! You received the Spirit because you believed the message you heard about Christ. How foolish can you be? After starting your new lives in the Spirit, why are you now trying to become perfect by  your own human effort?  Ga 3:2–3.NLT.  The Law was given through an intermediary; the promise came directly from God. Henry Wansbrough, ed., The New Jerusalem Bible (New York; London; Toronto; Sydney; Auckland: Doubleday, 1990), 1927 Those, therefore,  who do not rest satisfied with Christ alone , do injury to God in two ways, for besides detracting from  the glory of God ,  by desiring something above his perfection, they are also ungrateful, inasmuch as...

This generation will not pass away: Before All these things take place.

 Then some of the scribes and Pharisees answered, saying, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from You.” But He answered and said to them, “ An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign , and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.  The men of Nineveh will rise up in the judgment  with this generation  and condemn it, because they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and indeed  a greater than Jonah is here . The queen of the South will rise up in the judgment  with this generation  and condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and indeed  a greater than Solomon is here .  “When an unclean spirit goes out of a man, he goes through dry places, seeking rest, and finds none. Then he says, ‘I will return to my house from w...

Jesus Speaks about the Future: The Unknown Day and Hour

 Ambrose of Milan, “Exposition of the Christian Faith,”   The Arians are condemned by the Holy Spirit through the mouth of David: for they dare to limit Christ’s knowledge. The passage cited by them in proof of this is by no means free from suspicion of having been corrupted. But to set this right, we must mark the word “Son.” For knowledge cannot fail Christ as Son of God, since He is Wisdom; nor the recognition of any part, for He created all things. It is not possible that He, who made the ages, cannot know the future, much less the day of judgment. Such knowledge, whether it concerns anything great or small, may not be denied to the Son, nor yet to the Holy Spirit. Lastly, various proofs are given from which we can gather that this knowledge exists in Christ. 188. WHEREFORE we ought to know that they who make such statements are accursed and condemned by the Holy Spirit. For whom else but the Arians in chief does the prophet condemn, seeing that they say that the Son of Go...

Them that are outside God judges: Clean out the old leaven

  I wrote to you in my letter not to associate with sexually immoral people; I did not at all mean with the sexually immoral people of this world, or with the greedy and swindlers, or with idolaters, for then you would have to leave the world.  But actually, I wrote to you not to associate with any  so-called brother  if he is a sexually immoral person, or a greedy person , or an idolater, or is verbally abusive , or habitually drunk, or a swindler —not even to eat with such a person. For what business of mine is it to judge outsiders? Do you not judge those who are within the church?  But those who are outside, God judges.  1 Cor. 5:9–13 NASB.2020 cf. (Rom. 13:3, 4) The punishments that the church applies in this connection are purely spiritual. They do not and may not consist in fines, corporal punishment, branding, torture, imprisonment, deprivation of honor, banishment, the death penalty, and so forth, as Rome claims; nor in the dissolution of family, c...

The Apostles’ Council: Was The Law of Moses necessary

Apostles’ Council Apostles’ Council The main topic of the Apostles’ Council was whether circumcision and keeping the Law of Moses were necessary for believers.  The “ men from James ” clearly felt that accepting hospitality from such Gentiles was impossible for Torah-observant Christians; and if this issue had not been explicitly discussed in Jerusalem, then it is not improbable that they had good arguments to persuade Peter and Barnabas . “Righteous Gentiles” may indeed be acceptable to God through his grace, but they could not be part of Israel, and relationships with them would continue to defile Torah-observant Jewish Christians. With the growing success of the Gentile mission, this problem and the threat it posed to Jewish-Christian self-identity will have grown ever greater.  Paul’s own understanding of the grace of God, however, led him to affirm that there could be no distinction before God between the Christian Jew and the righteou...